Lithium-ion Battery & EV Fires | Risks & Solutions

Lithium-ion Battery & Electric Vehicle (EV) Fires

Lithium-ion batteries are now firmly part of daily life, both at home & in the workplace.  They are in portable devices, electric vehicles & renewable energy storage systems.  Lithium-ion batteries have many advantages, but their safety depends on how they are manufactured, used, stored & recycled.

Fortunately, Lithium-ion battery failures are relatively rare, but in the event of a malfunction, they can represent a serious fire risk.  When charged, Li-ion cells store a large amount of energy & are especially sensitive to high temperatures & damage, such as penetration & crushing.

If a battery degrades, gets hot, or suffers a short circuit, heat & pressure build up inside.  Warning signs that a battery is likely to fail include bulging or swelling, sometimes accompanied by other signs such as discharging too fast &/or the battery being hot to the touch.

Why is water not enough to put out an EV or Lithium Battery fire?

When a cell of a lithium battery overheats, the whole battery catches fire eventually; once a lithium battery is on fire, it is very hard to put out.  Lithium-ion batteries react fiercely to water; it can take hours, maybe even days to put out the battery with just water.  In the meantime, dangerous toxic gasses from the battery can cause health problems to people near the fire.

Currently, there are very limited methods of safely tackling a fire involving EV’s or lithium-ion batteries because they burn at extreme temperatures; even a small fire can create an effect known as “thermal runaway” where one cell ignites the next one in an unstoppable chain.  So, if your premises has lithium-ion powered devices (particularly a large quantity stored together) or Electric Vehicles onsite, then having a means of containing the risk is very important.

There are products available specifically for this risk;

  • EV Car Fire Blankets
  • Lithium-Ion Large Storage Battery Blankets
  • Lithium-Ion Blanket (Scooter/Ebike)
  • Specialist Lithium Fire Extinguishers
Lithium Battery Fire Risks

Lithium-ion Battery & EV Fire, Risks & Solutions.
Fire Queen Limited provide advice & safety products for lithium-ion battery & Electric Vehicle fires.  Find out more information on the risks from lithium-ion batteries & the steps you can take to tackle a lithium-ion battery fire of electric vehicle.

Fire Queen Limited will provide advice on Fire Extinguishers & Fire Blankets along with a full range of fire safety products.  With over 50 years experience supplying fire safety products, you can trust Fire Queen Limited to provide expert advice on your fire extinguisher needs & other quality fire safety products.  Fire Queen Limited supply a comprehensive range of Fire Extinguishers & service maintenance plans.

Or as part of your Fire Risk Assessment strategy. For further advice:

Please Contact

Customer Support Team

0800 731 2748

To discuss Lithium-ion Battery & EV Fire, Risks & Solutions

Fire Blanket for Lithium battery fire safety
Lithium-Ion Blanket for electric Scooters and Ebikes
EV Car Fire Blankets

Advantages of EV Car Fire Blanket

How does an EV car catch fire?

Even though data shows that EV car fires are more rare than regular car fires, EV cars burn hotter & for a longer period.  But how does an EV car catch fire exactly? Electric vehicles are powered by a battery that needs to be charged.  When a cell of the battery overheats, it can enter a process called ‘thermal runaway’; this basically means the cells keep making themselves hotter & hotter, very quickly.  They ignite the other cells in the battery, making the whole battery catch fire.  Lithium-ion batteries can even reignite after they’ve been put out.

For the safety of life & property, it is highly recommended to have an EV Car Fire Blanket available where vehicles are charged.  EV Car Fire Blankets are suitable for small vehicles all the way to SUVs & can be used on both Electric & Fuel powered vehicles alike.  The innovative solution is engineered to swiftly address vehicle fires, providing a quick & effective means of isolation & control.  Car Fires can lead to catastrophic incidents by rapidly spreading to other vehicles or property.  The ability to contain these fires until Emergency Services arrive is invaluable….. & could save lives as well as property.

Advantages of Lithium-ion Battery Blankets

Currently, there are very limited methods of safely tackling a fire involving a lithium-ion battery because they burn at extreme temperatures.  Even a small one can create “thermal runaway” where one cell ignites the next one in an unstoppable chain.  If your premises has lithium-ion powered devices, particularly a large quantity stored together (E-Bikes/Scooters/Power Tools) ….. then having a lithium fire blanket is highly recommended.

Generally, such devices are very safe when just being stored & not being charged, however, it’s when they become damaged or inappropriately used or recharged that lithium batteries pose a fire risk.  The Lithium Battery Blanket is mainly designed for battery fires where there is a risk of thermal runaway to contain the fire, but will also reduce damage & help prevent the escape of toxic fumes; this could be vital for safe evacuation of a premises where Lithium Batteries are in communal areas or storage.

Advantages of Lithium-ion Fire Extinguishers

Lithium-ion Battery Fire Extinguishers contain Aqueous Vermiculite Dispersion (AVD); a revolutionary fire extinguishing agent designed to stop Lithium-ion battery fires fast.  They are designed to suppress Lithium-ion battery fires in their infancy before developing into a fully established fire.  They can also be used to protect against fires where batteries are stored or charged; these are a great portable solution which may be mounted in an area where you have numerous risks in varied locations.

Lithium-ion Battery Safety & Good Practice

Many of the precautions which can be taken are simple to implement; typical recommendations include:

  • Only use equipment & chargers supplied by reputable manufacturers
  • Make frequent inspections of batteries for signs of damage
  • Never use damaged or defective batteries
  • Ensure battery handling & storage areas are dry, cool, well-ventilated & free from high levels of humidity
  • Ensure battery handling & storage areas are free from flammable or combustible materials & sharp objects & that batteries are not left in contact with conductive materials
  • Ensure battery charging is well managed by trained staff, making sure that batteries are removed from chargers after charging is complete & batteries are not left on charge in un-occupied locations
  • Train staff on emergency procedures & specific instructions for dealing with damaged or faulty batteries; staff should be aware of their own safety in relation to dealing with fires involving Lithium-ion batteries
  • Keep batteries not in use in appropriate containers, such as a proprietary metal battery storage cabinet or fireproof safety bags
  • Limit the size of storage areas & ensure they are dedicated to Lithium-ion battery storage only
  • Ensure you have a means of controlling the Fire (Blanket/Lithium Extinguisher)

Customer Support Team

0800 731 2748

Lith-Ex Fire Extinguisher

Fire Extinguishers for Lithium-ion Batteries

Fire Queen Limited can supply fire extinguishers for tackling Lithium-Ion battery fires.  These high performance Lith-Ex fire extinguishers contain AVD (Aqueous Vermiculite Dispersion) compound – a revolutionary fire extinguishing agent & are designed to target high risk fires of a limited size.  They are suited to confined spaces such as homes, hotel rooms, vehicles, public transport, aviation, marine or leisure & dedicated processes where in all instances, fires need to be suppressed in their infancy before developing into a fully established fire.

How it works:

When a lithium-ion cell goes into thermal runaway (increase in temperature), there are multiple possible sources of heat; for example:

  • Combustion – burning of electrolyte, packaging etc.
  • Ohmic – resistive heating caused by high current flow through short circuits
  • Thermodynamic – if the electrodes are no longer isolated, then the system will revert to its lowest energy state for that temperature, as long as the activation energy is met
  • Chemical – reaction of the electrode material with other components of the battery (electrolyte), thermal decomposition of the metal oxide electrode, especially cobalt oxide

In addition to this multitude of mechanisms, the design of the cell often prevents direct access of the extinguishing agent to the source of the fire, making it is difficult to extinguish the fire.

If you require training for the use of this type of fire extinguisher, we can help as part of our comprehensive fire training program

Customer Support Team

0800 731 2748

To arrange a free survey or discuss your requirements with a Technical Advisor.

Fire Extinguisher

Lith-Ex Fire Extinguishers and Fire Blankets

Fire Extinguishers & Fire Blankets specially developed to use on fires involving Lithium-ion Batteries.

Fire Blanket for Lithium battery fire safety
EV Car Fire Blankets